The role of self-referencing in true and false recognition in young people and healthy older people

  1. Alfonso Pitarque 1
  2. Alicia Sales 1
  3. Encar Satorres 1
  4. Rita Redondo 1
  5. Juan C. Meléndez 1
  1. 1 Universitat de València
    info

    Universitat de València

    Valencia, España

    ROR https://ror.org/043nxc105

Revista:
Psicothema

ISSN: 0214-9915

Año de publicación: 2017

Volumen: 29

Número: 3

Páginas: 341-345

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.7334/PSICOTHEMA2016.273 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Otras publicaciones en: Psicothema

Resumen

Antecedentes: dados los resultados contradictorios acerca del papel que el efecto de auto-referencia ejerce sobre el falso reconocimiento, diseñamos un experimento para analizar si dicho efecto afecta al falso reconocimiento y su relación con el envejecimiento. Método: una muestra de personas mayores sanas (n = 30) y otra muestra de personas jóvenes (n = 38) valoraron si 40 adjetivos sobre rasgos de personalidad (20 de ellos con valencia positiva y 20 con valencia negativa) los describían o no (condición de auto-referencia). A continuación llevaron a cabo una tarea de reconocimiento sobre dichos 40 adjetivos junto con otras 40 adjetivos nuevos. Después valoraron otros 40 adjetivos en relación a una tercera persona (condición de otra-referencia), seguida de su correspondiente test de reconocimiento. Estas dos condiciones se contrabalanceron entre participantes. Resultados: los resultados mostraron claramente que la condición de autoreferencia produce tanto un incremento en el reconocimiento correcto como un decremento en el falso reconocimiento en ambas muestras. Conclusiones: nuestros resultados apoyan la idea de que el efecto de autoreferencia reduce el falso reconocimiento mediante el uso de estrategias conscientes de monitorización, y que el método de autoreferenciar es una estrategia cognitiva eficiente para mejorar la memoria de las personas mayores.

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Información de financiación

This research was supported by grant PSI2016-77405-R of the Spanish Ministerio de Econom?a y Competitividad (AEI/FEDER, UE).

Financiadores

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Fuente de los datos: Dialnet