Periodontitis y Diabetes Mellitus gestacional¿están asociadas?

Resum

Intensive research on the potential effects of periodontal infection on systemic inflammation has been conducted in recent decades. Periodontal Medicine emerged in the 90s and established a relationship between periodontitis and various systemic diseases. Periodontal diseases affect a large part of the population worldwide, with advanced periodontitis being the sixth most prevalent disease on the planet. In pregnant women, periodontitis has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as premature birth, low birth weight, and pre-eclampsia. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is the most common medical complication of pregnancy and its incidence is increasing. For this reason, there is growing interest in analyzing whether there is an association between periodontitis and GDM. If periodontal infection was confirmed as a risk factor for GDM, it would open the way to interventional studies. Periodontal care before pregnancy could decrease the incidence of GDM and its associated repercussions. The objective of this work has been to evaluate the scientific evidence about the relationship between periodontitis and GDM and to emphasize the importance of Dentistry in the prevention of adverse pregnancy outcomes.