Factores relacionados con la neumonía asociada a ventilación mecánica (nav): cuidados y recomendaciones de enfermería basados en la evidencia
- Carmona Simarro, J.V.
- Bixquert Mesas, A.
- Garcés González, R.
- Gallego López, J.M.
- Villar Amigó, V.
- Alvarez Royo, F.
ISSN: 1698-4587
Year of publication: 2014
Volume: 12
Issue: 29
Pages: 17-26
Type: Article
More publications in: Investigación y cuidados
Abstract
Mechanical ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP), also known as endotracheal tube-associated pneumonia, is the most common infection at the critical care units (CCU), represented by 36.26% of all the infections in these units, according to the ENVIN-HELICS report of 2011. The risk factors related to the nosocomial infections have to be defined, namely with the VAP, and some recommendations and health care issues have to be presented to the nursing profesional, based on scientific evidence. The source of exogenous infections are inanimate reservoirs, hospital material, and carriers, such as health professionals, together with patients who already carry the infection when they arrive or they adquire it in the care unit. These are some of the measures that reduce the risk of VAP: The proper way of washing of hands and the use of barrier systems, reducing the time of mechanical ventilation, the use of specific endotracheal tubes, and the control of the tracheal tube cuff pressure. This review article has analyzed the research performed in the last four years regarding VAP prevention.